5.7 describe and explain how the industrial process of fractional distillation separates crude oil into fractions

5.7 • 1. heat the crude oil until most is a gas (bitumen is drained)

         

        2. there is an increasing temperature gradient as you go down

                     •they condense when they reach a column lower than their boiling point

        3. bubble caps stop the separated liquid from running back down and remixing

                     •each fraction contains a mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points